Tramadol is used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain . The extended release from of Tramadol is for around the clock treatment of pain.
Tramadol is an opioid analgesic which has two different mechanisms of action(MOA). 1.By binding to μ-opioid receptors. 2.By inhibiting re-uptake of serotonin and norepinephrine ( Neurotransmitters which play important role in mood ).When administered Tramadol is metabolized to O-desmethyltramol which is significantly more potent opioid .
It's analgesic effect initiates 1 hour after oral administration and reaches to peak effect in 2 to 4 hours . Common adverse effects include diziness, nause,vertigo,constipation , headache,vomitting, somnolance.
Tramadol is first developed and marketed as "Tramal"by Grunenthal GmbH ,a German company in 1977 .It is now available with brand names Conzip,Rybix,Ryzolt,Ultram,Ultram ER,ODT.
Dosage:
Tablets 50 mg - Immediate release
Tablets 100,200,300 mg -Extended release
Capsules 100,200,300 mg-Extended release
Chemistry of Tramadol:
Structure:
IUPAC Name:2-[(Dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexano
Tramadol is an opioid analgesic which has two different mechanisms of action(MOA). 1.By binding to μ-opioid receptors. 2.By inhibiting re-uptake of serotonin and norepinephrine ( Neurotransmitters which play important role in mood ).When administered Tramadol is metabolized to O-desmethyltramol which is significantly more potent opioid .
It's analgesic effect initiates 1 hour after oral administration and reaches to peak effect in 2 to 4 hours . Common adverse effects include diziness, nause,vertigo,constipation , headache,vomitting, somnolance.
Tramadol is first developed and marketed as "Tramal"by Grunenthal GmbH ,a German company in 1977 .It is now available with brand names Conzip,Rybix,Ryzolt,Ultram,Ultram ER,ODT.
Dosage:
Tablets 50 mg - Immediate release
Tablets 100,200,300 mg -Extended release
Capsules 100,200,300 mg-Extended release
Chemistry of Tramadol:
Structure:
 |
| Tramadol stereoisomers |
Moleuclar Forumula:C16H25NO2
Molecular weight:263.4
Mechanisam of action: Tramadol acts by binding to μ-opioid receptors and also by inhibiting reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine .